Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Large Dogs
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the heart and is most commonly seen in large and giant breed dogs. In this condition the heart becomes enlarged and the walls of the heart become very thin making the heart very weak and unable to pump blood effectively.
The highest incidence of this disease is found in Boxers, Doberman Pinschers, Springer spaniels, German Shepherds, and Great Danes. Most commonly the dogs are two to five years old when they first experience symptoms and are usually male dogs.
The cause of this disease is unknown. The most common symptoms involve weight loss, dogs that are lethargic, entire very easily, rapid breathing, frequent coughing, and coughing that is especially common at night, in severe cases the dogs will have swollen abdomens because fluid will build up there.
The diagnosis is usually made by an x-ray, ultrasound, or an ECG. Treatment is usually directed at trying to improve the contraction force of the heart muscle and preventing any arrhythmias. Also diuretics are commonly given to reduce the amount of fluid buildup in the lungs and in the abdomen.
The prognosis for this disease is usually guarded and also it depends on the stage of when the disease was diagnosed by the veterinarian.
However if you have excellent control with the medications some dogs can live for another year or even more. Deaths normally occur from the sudden cardiac arrhythmias so these need to be properly controlled. If you notice any sudden changes in your dog’s activity levels you should contact your veterinarian right away.